Battle Of Chickamauga

Confederate victory between the The Army of the Cumberland and Army of Tennessee.

On July 18, 1863 Rosecrans concentrated his forces with the utmost dispatch to meet the inevitable combat. The battle was opened on the 19th by an attempt to gain possession of the road to Chattanooga, continued through the day, and resulted in Rosecrans defeating the attempt and planting General George H. Thomas's corps, re-enforced by General Richard W. Johnson's and General John M. Pahner's divisions, firmly upon that road; but during the night Longstreet came up, and was immediately given command of the Confederate left.

 On the following morning the contest was renewed by a determined attack on the National left and centre. At this moment, by the misinterpretation of an order, General Thomas J. Wood's division was withdrawn, leaving a gap in the centre, into which General Longstreet pressed his troops, forced Jefferson C. Davis's two brigades out of the line, and cut off Philip H. Sheridan's three brigades of the right, all of which, after a gallant but unsuccessful effort to stem this charge, were ordered to re-form on the Dry Valley road at the first good standing-ground in rear of the position they had lost. The two divisions of Horatio P. Van Cleve and Davis, going to succor the right centre, were partly shattered by this break, and four or five regiments were scattered through the woods, but most of the stragglers stopped with Sheridan's and Davis's commands. 

The remainder, nearly seven divisions, were unbroken, and continued the fight. The gallant General George H. Thomas, whose orders the night before, reiterated a few moments before this disaster, were to hold his position at all hazards, continued the fight with seven divisions, while General Rosecrans undertook to make such dispositions as would most effectually avert disaster in case the enemy should turn the position by advancing on the Dry Valley road, and capture the remaining commissary stores, then in a valley two or three miles to the west.

Biographies of Participants

• Sidney Coolidge - Sidney Coolidge
• Micah Jenkins - Micah Jenkins
• Benjamin Wright - Benjamin Wright
• August Willich - August Willich
• Walter e. Whitaker - Walter e. Whitaker
• John Basil Turchin - John Basil Turchin
• George Henry Thomas - George Henry Thomas
• Thomas Swords - Thomas Swords
• David Gaskill Swain - David Gaskill Swain
• James Barrett Steedman - James Barrett Steedman
• John Converse Starkweather - John Converse Starkweather
• Preston Smith - Preston Smith
• John Sevier - John Sevier
• Evan Shelby - Evan Shelby
• Philip Henry Sheridan - Philip Henry Sheridan
• William Tecumseh Sherman - William Tecumseh Sherman
• John Larue Helm - John Larue Helm
• Lovell Harrison Rousseau - Lovell Harrison Rousseau
• Thomas Ellwood Rose - Thomas Ellwood Rose
• William Starke Rosecrans - William Starke Rosecrans
• Joseph Jones Reynolds - Joseph Jones Reynolds
• John H. King - John H. King
• Thomas Polk - Thomas Polk
• Andrew Porter - Andrew Porter
• James S. Negley - James S. Negley
• Noses Emery Merrill - Noses Emery Merrill
• Stanley Matthews - Stanley Matthews
• Daniel McCook - Daniel McCook
• John MxCauley Palmer - John MxCauley Palmer
• William Haines Lytle - William Haines Lytle
• James Longstreet - James Longstreet
• Joseph Brevard Kersitaw - Joseph Brevard Kersitaw
• John Bell Hood - John Bell Hood
• George B. Hodge - George B. Hodge
• Daniel Harvey Hill - Daniel Harvey Hill
• Hans C. Heg - Hans C. Heg
• William Babcock Hazen - William Babcock Hazen
• Milo Smith Hascall - Milo Smith Hascall
• Gordon Granger - Gordon Granger
• John White Geary - John White Geary
• James Abram Garfield - James Abram Garfield
• Samuel Fessenden - Samuel Fessenden
• Samuel K. Dawson - Samuel K. Dawson
• Gabriel Caldwell Wharton - Gabriel Caldwell Wharton
• George Crook - George Crook
• John Jordan Crittenden - John Jordan Crittenden
• Thomas John Wood - Thomas John Wood
• Patrick Ronayne Cleburne (clebborn) - Patrick Ronayne Cleburne (clebborn)

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